• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A tool holder includes a pocket assembly having an interlocking portion and a clamping portion. An inverted interlock is mounted in the interlocking portion and includes a wafer receiving pocket for receiving a cutting insert mounted therein. A clamping wedge is mounted in the clamping portion such that the cutting insert is engaged with the clamping wedge. The inverted interlock includes one or more coolant grooves that cooperate with the cutting insert to direct supercritical carbon dioxide to a cutter / workpiece interface.
    公开号:FR3050950A1
    申请号:FR1753923
    申请日:2017-05-04
    公开日:2017-11-10
    发明作者:Christopher Bukvic；John Musil
    申请人:Kennametal Inc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for cooling a cutting tool. More particularly, the invention relates to an apparatus and method for cooling a cutting tool with supercritical CO 2.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    Now, many manufacturers are concerned about the respect of the environment and the implementation of micro-lubrication (MQL, Minimum Quantity Lubrication) using the appropriate lubricant is a required step in this direction. Minimal lubrication is the process of applying minute amounts of high quality lubricant directly to the cutting insert / workpiece interface instead of using conventional coolants. Micro-lubrication minimizes the impact on the environment by significantly reducing the use of liquid and eliminating the need to treat and remove coolant.
    Unfortunately, current liquids for machining metals favor lubrication at the expense of cooling. Adding oil reduces cooling. The addition of water reduces the lubricity. The micro-lubrication by oil in air has a good lubricity but a low ability to cool. Liquid nitrogen has good cooling ability but low lubricity.
    [0004] Therefore, there is a need to provide an apparatus and method for cooling a cutting tool with micro-lubrication while providing maximum lubrication and cooling at the cutter / workpiece wafer interface. to machine.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    The problem of providing maximum cooling and lubrication at the cutter / workpiece interface by implementing micro-lubrication is solved by an apparatus and method for cooling a cutting tool which includes a nesting. inverter having at least one coolant groove which dispenses supercritical CO 2 to the cutting insert / workpiece interface.
    According to one aspect of the invention, a tool holder comprises a pocket assembly having an interlocking portion and a clamping portion. An inverted interlock is mounted in the interlocking portion. The inverted interlock includes a cutting insert receiving pocket for receiving a cutting insert. A clamping wedge is mounted in the clamping portion such that the cutting insert is engaged with the clamping wedge. The inverted interlock includes one or more coolant grooves that cooperate with the cutting insert to direct supercritical carbon dioxide to a cutter / workpiece interface.
    According to another aspect of the invention, an inverted interlocking for a tool holder comprises an upper surface, a lower surface opposed to the upper surface and a plurality of lateral surfaces; and a nose nose portion provided with a wafer receiving pocket for receiving a cutting insert. The wafer receiving pouch includes a pair of side walls and an upper wall for providing a three-point contact between the cutting insert and the wafer receiving pocket when the cutting insert is mounted therein. The upper surface of the inverted insert wafer receiving pocket includes one or more coolant grooves that cooperate with the wafer to direct supercritical carbon dioxide to a cutter / workpiece interface.
    According to another aspect of the invention, a method for directing supercritical carbon dioxide to a cutting insert / workpiece interface of a tool holder comprises the steps of: mounting an inverted interlock in a interlocking portion of a pocket assembly of a tool holder, the reverse interlocking including a wafer receiving pocket for receiving a cutting insert; and; mounting a clamping wedge in a clamping portion of the tool holder pocket assembly such that the cutting insert is engaged with the clamping wedge, wherein the inverted fitting includes one or more coolant grooves which cooperate with the cutting insert to direct supercritical carbon dioxide to a cutting tool / workpiece interface.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    Although various embodiments of the invention are illustrated, the particular embodiments shown should not be construed as limiting the claims. Various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of this invention.
    Figure 1 is a perspective view of a cutting tool provided with an inverted interlock having one or more grooves, a cutting insert and a clamping wedge according to an embodiment of the invention; Figure 2 is a side view of the cutting tool of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a top view of the cutting tool of Figure 1; FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view of the pocket assembly of the cutting tool of FIG. 1, the inverted interlock, the cutting insert and the clamping wedge being removed for clarity; and [0014] FIG. 5 is a bottom perspective view of the reverse interlocking with the cutting insert mounted in the insert receiving pocket of the reverse interlock according to one embodiment of the invention; Figure 6 is a perspective view from above of the inverted interlocking, the wafer receiving pocket, an inlet port, an internal passage for coolant, a manifold and one or more grooves being shown in dashed lines. dotted lines; Figure 7 is a side view of the inverted interlocking and cutting insert shown in Figure 5; Figure 8 is a side view of the inverted interlock and the cutting insert shown in Figure 5; Figure 9 is an enlarged bottom view of the wafer receiving pocket of the inverted nesting showing the groove or a plurality of grooves, a manifold and an internal coolant passage according to one embodiment of the invention; Figure 10 is a top view of the reverse interlocking of Figure 5; Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the reverse interlocking taken along the line 11-11 of Fig. 10; Fig. 12 is an enlarged view of the cutting insert / workpiece interface showing the cooling liquid dispensed on a lower face of a chip during a machining operation; Figure 13 is a perspective view of the clamping wedge according to one embodiment of the invention; Figure 14 is a side view of the clamping wedge of Figure 13; Figure 15 is a bottom view of the clamping wedge of Figure 13; and [0025] Fig. 16 is a top view of the clamping wedge of Fig. 13.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    If we refer to the drawings in which identical references designate identical elements, Figures 1 to 4 show a general view of a tool holder 10 according to one embodiment of the invention. The particular type of tool holder 10 illustrated is designed to perform turning type machining operations. However, mentioning the tool holder as a turning tool holder is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The types of tool holders to which the invention relates include, without limitation, any toolholder design having the ability to deliver coolant internally to the cutting insert / workpiece interface. For example, the principles of the invention can be practiced with a milling cutter, a boring tool, etc. The true scope and spirit of the invention are indicated by the appended claims.
    In general, the tool holder 10 has an axial front end 12 and an axial rear end 14. As shown in Figure 4, the tool holder 10 has a head portion 16 at the axial front end 12 with a pocket assembly, generally represented by the reference numeral 18. The pocket assembly 18 comprises an interlocking portion 20 intended to receive an inverted interlock 22 and a clamping part 24 intended to receive a wedge 26. The interlocking section 20 comprises a pair of walls lateral 20a, 20b and a bottom wall 20c. Angle clearance 20d may be formed between the sidewalls 20a, 20b to provide clearance for the reverse nesting 22 when mounted thereto. The bottom wall 20c of the engagement portion 20 includes a coolant port 21 which is in fluid communication with a coolant source (not shown) and at least one threaded opening 23 for securing the reverse nest 22 on the interlocking portion 20 of the pocket assembly 18.
    The clamping section 24 includes a rear wall 24a and a bottom wall 24b for supporting the wedge 26 when mounted thereon. A fillet 24c may be formed between the rear wall 24a and the bottom wall 24b to provide clearance for the wedge 26 when mounted thereon. An upper portion of the rear wall 24a has a recess 25 for receiving cutting inserts of different thicknesses when the inverted interlock 22 is mounted in the pocket assembly 18 of the tool holder 10.
    Referring now to FIGS. 5 to 11, the inverted interlock 22 has the general shape of a rhombus comprising a substantially flat upper surface 28, a substantially flat lower surface 30 opposite to the upper surface 28 and four side surfaces, generally represented by the markings 32, 34, 36, 38. The inverted interlock 22 also includes a faceted side surface 40 at the intersection of the side surfaces 32, 34, a faceted rear surface 42 to the intersection of the side surfaces 34, 36 and a faceted side surface 44 at the intersection of the side surfaces 36, 38. In the illustrated embodiment, the faceted side surface 40 is opposed to the faceted side surface 44.
    The inverted interlock 22 includes a nose nose portion 46 with a wafer receiving pocket, generally represented by the reference numeral 48, for receiving a cutting insert 50 mounted therein. In the illustrated embodiment, the side surfaces 32, 38 of the nose portion 46 form an angle 52 of about forty (40) degrees to a longitudinal axis 54 that intersects the rear facet surface 42 and the nose nose portion 46. Because the reverse nest 22 has mirror symmetry about the longitudinal axis 54, the side surfaces 32, 34 form an angle of about fifty (50) degrees to an axis that is substantially perpendicular to the axis. It will be appreciated that the invention is not limited by the rhombic shape of the inverted interlock 22 and that the invention can be practiced with any desirable shape, for example triangular, circular, etc.
    The wafer receiving pocket 48 includes a pair of sidewalls 56, 58 and an upper wall 60 to provide a three point contact between the wafer 50 and the wafer receiving pocket 48 when the wafer 50 is climb into it. In the illustrated embodiment, the cutting insert 50 has the general shape of a diamond, and specifically, the cutting insert 50 has an eighty (80) degree diamond shape of a type well known in the art. technical. In other words, the two opposite corners of the cutting insert 50 form an angle of eighty (80) degrees and the other two opposite corners of the cutting insert 50 form an angle of one hundred (100) degrees. However, it will be appreciated that the invention is not limited by the specific shape of the wafer receiving pouch 48 and that the wafer receiving pouch may have any desirable shape for receiving the wafer 50. For example, the receiving pouch platelet 48 may have a generally round shape to receive a cutting insert of generally round shape. In another example, the wafer receiving pocket 48 may be generally triangular in shape to receive a generally triangular cutting insert.
    The inverted interlock 22 also includes an inclined surface 62 extending downwardly from the upper surface 28 to the wafer receiving pocket 48. The inclined surface 62 assists with the evacuation of the chips during an operation. 'machining. In one embodiment, the inclined surface 62 forms an angle 64 of between about thirty (30) degrees and about sixty (60) degrees relative to a vertical plane 66 that is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 54. The lower surface Includes a coolant inlet port 68 for introducing coolant into the inverted fitting 22. A sealing member 70, such as an O-ring, may be used to provide a gasket seal. sealing for the coolant inlet port 68.
    Inverted fitting 22 also includes an internal coolant passage 72 extending from the coolant inlet port 68 to a manifold 74 in the nose nose portion 46 of the reverse interlocking 22. The manifold 74 provides a uniform distribution of the coolant exiting the reverse nest 22. The upper surface 60 of the insert receiving pocket 48 of the reverse nest 22 includes one or more grooves 76 extending from the manifold 74. at the nose portion 46 near an interface 75 between the cutting insert 50 and a workpiece 200 (Fig. 12). In the illustrated embodiment, the upper surface 60 of the wafer receiving pocket 48 of the reverse nest 22 comprises three grooves 76, a groove 76 aligned on the longitudinal axis 54 and two grooves 76 on opposite sides of the longitudinal axis 54. However, it will be appreciated that the invention is not limited by the number of grooves 76 formed in the upper surface 30 of the wafer receiving pocket 48 of the reverse nest 22 and that the invention may be in practice with any desired number of grooves 76 (eg one or more grooves 76).
    It should be noted that the upper surface 50a of the cutting insert 50 cooperates with the groove or plurality of grooves 76 to form a closed coolant passage extending from the manifold 74 to the cutting insert / workpiece interface. to machine. In one embodiment, the closed coolant passageway formed by the groove or plurality of grooves 76 cooperating with the upper surface 50a of the cutting insert 50 has an effective diameter of between about 0.152mm (0.006 inches) and 0.254mm ( 0.010 inches). As shown in FIG. 10, a small distance 77 exists between the cutting edges 51 of the cutting insert 50 and the lateral surfaces 32, 38 and the nose portion 46 of the reverse fitting 22. This short distance 77 allows the liquid coolant that exits the inverted nest 22 to be directed to the underside of the chip 79 so as not to impede the chip clearance and assist in the removal of chips from the cutter / workpiece wafer interface to be machined 75 during a machining operation, as shown in FIG.
    It will be appreciated that the cutting insert 50 may be an indexable cutting insert. As such, the cutting insert 50 can be indexed in the wafer receiving pocket 48 of the reverse engagement 22 so that the upper surface 50a becomes a lower surface 50b which contacts the clamping wedge 26, and the lower surface 50b becomes the upper surface 50a which is in contact with the inverted interlock 22.
    In one embodiment, the groove or several grooves 76 are substantially V-shaped and the upper surface 50a of the cutting insert 50 is substantially planar. In this embodiment, the closed coolant channel formed by the upper surface 50a of the cutting insert 50 and the groove or plurality of grooves 76 has a substantially triangular cross-section. In another embodiment, the groove or plurality of grooves 76 are substantially U-shaped and the upper surface 50a of the cutting insert 50 is substantially planar. In this embodiment, the closed coolant channel formed by the upper surface 50a of the cutting insert 50 and the groove or plurality of grooves 76 has a substantially D-shaped cross-section. It will be appreciated that the invention is not limited by the shape of the groove or several grooves 76 and the fact that the upper surface 50a of the cutting insert 50 is substantially flat, and that the invention can be practiced with any desirable shape providing a sufficient flow rate coolant at the cutting insert / workpiece interface as long as the groove or plurality of grooves 76 cooperate with the upper surface 50a of the cutting insert 50 to form a closed coolant passage extending from the manifold 74 at cutter / workpiece interface.
    In the illustrated embodiment, the coolant dispensed at the cutter / workpiece interface comprises supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) commercially available from Fusion Coolant Systems, Detroit, Michigan rwww. fusioncoolant.com). Supercritical carbon dioxide circulates to the machining point as a single-phase system and is released at high pressure, which produces a powerful cooling effect and provides dry lubrication or improved liquid lubrication. Any suitable lubricant can be added to supercritical carbon dioxide to provide additional lubrication. In both lubrication modes, dry or improved liquid, clean and dry chips are produced. The use of supercritical carbon dioxide has many advantages over systems using, for example, liquid nitrogen. These advantages include, without limitation, the following advantages: 1) the use of supercritical carbon dioxide does not require recirculation or removal of the machining liquid; 2) it is a lubricant that is as effective as a semi-synthetic machining fluid; 3) it is an excellent lubricant that can, in improved mode, provide lubrication levels comparable to those of the oil; 4) it allows greater cooling and lubricity with higher pressure, which leads to higher productivity; 5) it does not cause clogging; and 6) it reduces operating costs.
    As mentioned above, supercritical carbon dioxide produces a powerful cooling effect. In one embodiment, the supercritical carbon dioxide is dispensed at the cutting insert / workpiece interface at a temperature of -61 ° C (-78 ° F) and a pressure of between about 9.997 MPa and about 14 MPa. (About 1450 psi and about 2100 psi). Test results have shown that the use of supercritical carbon dioxide offers a multitude of cost saving advantages for a lower investment than conventional cutting fluids. In addition, the use of supercritical carbon dioxide promotes a healthy work environment because it is free of bacteria, often eliminates post-mill cleaning steps and has minimal impact on the environment.
    The inverted interlock 22 includes at least one countersunk bore 78 extending from the upper surface 28 to the lower surface 30 to allow the passage of a threaded fastener 80. In the illustrated embodiment, the reverse interlocking 22 has two milled bores 78 on opposite sides and equidistant from the longitudinal axis 54. It should be noted that the threaded fastener 80 is received in the threaded aperture (s) 23 formed in the bottom wall 20c of the interlocking portion. 20 of the pocket assembly 18 to mount and secure the reverse nest 22 therein.
    Referring now to FIGS. 13 to 16, the clamping wedge 26 has a substantially polygonal shape including a substantially planar upper surface 82, a substantially planar lower surface 84 opposite the top surface 82, and a plurality of lateral surfaces, generally represented by the markings 86, 88, 90, 92, 94. In addition, the wedge 26 includes a nose nose portion 96.
    In the illustrated embodiment, the upper surface 82 has a truncated diamond shape such that the side surfaces 86, 94 of the nose portion 96 form an angle 98 of about forty (40) degrees from a longitudinal axis 100 which cuts the front nose portion 96 and the rear lateral surface 90 opposite to the front nose portion 96. Thus, the nose portion 96 of the wedge 26 has the same general shape as the nose portion 46 of the reverse interlocking 22. Similarly, the wedge 26 is in mirror symmetry around the longitudinal axis 100.
    As shown in FIG. 14, the upper surface 82 and the lower surface 84 are not parallel but form a positive angle 102 of between about five (5) degrees and about fifteen (15) degrees. In one embodiment, the angle 102 is approximately ten (10) degrees. The clamping wedge 26 includes a countersunk bore 104 extending from the nose portion 96 to the rear side surface 90 to allow passage of a threaded fastener 106 therethrough. It should be noted that the threaded fastener 106 is received in a threaded opening 24c formed in the rear wall 24a of the wedge portion 24 of the pocket assembly 18 to mount and secure the wedge 26 therein. Due to the positive angle 102 between the upper and lower surfaces 82, 84, the clamping wedge 26 exerts an upward force on the cutting insert 50 so that the cutting insert 50 is securely held in the pocket Wafer receiver 48 of the inverted interlock 22 when the wedge 26 is mounted in the wedge portion 24 of the pocket assembly 18.
    Referring again to Figures 1 and 2, the cutting insert 50 is securely mounted in the wafer receiving pocket 48 of the reverse nest 22 only under the effect of the upward force. exerted by the clamping wedge 26 on the cutting insert 50. Specifically, the upper surface 82 of the clamping wedge 26 is in contact with the lower surface 50b of the cutting insert 50 and the upper surface 50a of the cutting insert. 50 is in contact with the side surfaces 56, 58 and the upper surface 60 of the wafer receiving pocket 48 of the reverse nesting 22. Once mounted in the wafer receiving pocket 48 of the reverse nest 22, the The supercritical carbon dioxide coolant is directed to the lower face of the chip 79 at the cutting insert / workpiece 75 interface to facilitate chip evacuation during a machining operation. swimming.
    The patents and publications mentioned herein are incorporated by reference.
    Presently preferred embodiments having been described, the invention may be furthermore made within the scope of the appended claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (17)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    CLAIMS:
    A tool holder (10) comprising: a pocket assembly (18) having a nesting portion (20) and a clamping portion (24); an inverted interlock (22) mounted in the interlocking portion (20), the inverted interlock including a wafer receiving pocket (48) for receiving a cutting insert (50) mounted therein; and a clamping wedge (26) mounted in the clamping portion (24) so that the cutting insert (50) is engaged with the clamping wedge (24), wherein the reverse engagement (22) includes a or a plurality of coolant grooves (76) that cooperate with the cutting insert (50) to direct supercritical carbon dioxide to a cutting tool / workpiece interface (75).
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    The tool holder (10) of claim 1, wherein the wafer receiving pouch includes a pair of sidewalls (56,58) and an upper wall (60) for providing a three point contact between the wafer (50) and the wafer receiving pocket (48) when the cutting insert is mounted therein.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    The tool holder (10) according to claim 1, wherein the groove or plurality of coolant grooves are formed in a lower surface (30) of the inverted interlock and cooperate with an upper surface (50a) of the wafer. when the cutting insert is mounted in the wafer receiving pocket of the reverse interlocking.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    The tool holder (10) according to claim 1, wherein the inverted interlock further comprises an internal coolant passage (72) extending from a coolant inlet (68) to a manifold (74) in a nose nose portion (46) of the reverse nesting.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    A tool carrier (10) according to claim 1, wherein a small distance (77) exists between cutting edges (51) of the cutting insert and side surfaces (32,38) and the nose portion of the reverse interlocking to allow coolant exiting the inverted interlock to be directed to a lower side of the chip clearance (79) and aid in chip evacuation from the cutter / workpiece interface to be machined (75) during a machining operation.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    The tool holder (10) of claim 1, wherein the groove or plurality of grooves cooperate with the cutting insert to form a closed coolant channel therebetween.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    The tool holder (10) of claim 6, wherein the closed cooling liquid passage formed has an effective diameter of between about 0.152 mm (0.006 inches) and about 0.254 mm (0.010 inches).
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    The tool holder (10) of claim 1, wherein the interlocking portion (20) has a pair of side walls (20a, 20b) and a bottom wall (20c).
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    The tool holder (10) according to claim 8, wherein the interlocking portion of the pocket assembly further comprises a corner clearance (20d) formed between the side walls to provide clearance for the reverse nesting when he climbed into it.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    The tool holder (10) according to claim 1, wherein the clamping section (24) further comprises a rear wall (24a) and a bottom wall (24b) for supporting the wedge when mounted in it.
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    The tool holder (10) of claim 10, wherein the clamp portion of the pocket assembly further includes a fillet (24c) formed between the rear wall (24a) and the bottom wall (24b) to provide clearance. for the clamping wedge when mounted in it.
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    The tool holder (10) according to claim 1, wherein the supercritical carbon dioxide is delivered to the cutting insert / workpiece (75) interface at a temperature of -61 ° C (-78 ° F). approximately and a pressure of between about 9.997 MPa and about 14 MPa (about 1450 psi and about 2100 psi).
    [13" id="c-fr-0013]
    An inverted nesting (22) for a tool holder, comprising: an upper surface (28), a lower surface (30) opposite the upper surface, and a plurality of side surfaces (32,34,36,38); and a nose nose portion (46) provided with a wafer receiving pocket (48) for receiving a cutting insert (50) mounted therein, the wafer receiving pocket including a pair of side walls (56,58 ) and an upper wall (60) for providing a three point contact between the cutting insert and the wafer receiving pocket when the cutting insert is mounted therein, wherein the upper wall of the wafer receiving pocket the inverted fitting includes one or more coolant grooves (76) that cooperate with the cutting insert to direct supercritical carbon dioxide to a cutting tool / workpiece interface (75).
    [14" id="c-fr-0014]
    The inverted nesting (22) of claim 13, wherein the side surfaces of the nose nose portion form an angle (98) relative to a longitudinal axis (100) of the reverse nesting.
    [15" id="c-fr-0015]
    The inverted nesting (22) of claim 13, wherein the reverse nesting further includes a faceted side surface (40) at an intersection of two of the side surfaces (32,34), a faceted rear surface (42,34), ) at an intersection of two of the side surfaces (34,36) and a faceted side surface (44) at the intersection of two of the side surfaces (36,38).
    [16" id="c-fr-0016]
    A process for directing supercritical carbon dioxide to a cutter / workpiece interface of a tool holder (75), the method comprising the steps of: mounting an inverted interlock (22) in an interlocking portion (20) a pocket assembly (18) of a tool holder (10), the inverted interlocking including a wafer receiving pocket (48) for receiving a cutting insert (50); and; mounting a clamping wedge (26) in a clamping portion (24) of the tool holder pocket assembly such that the cutting insert is engaged with the clamping wedge, wherein the reverse nesting includes one or a plurality of coolant grooves (76) cooperating with the cutting insert for directing supercritical carbon dioxide to a cutting tool / workpiece interface (75).
    [17" id="c-fr-0017]
    The method of claim 16, wherein the groove or plurality of coolant grooves are formed in an upper wall (60) of the wafer receiving pocket of the inverted interlock and cooperate with an upper surface (50a) of the cutting insert when the cutting insert is mounted in the insert receiving pocket of the reverse interlocking.
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    同族专利:
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    法律状态:
    2018-05-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2019-05-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2020-05-15| RX| Complete rejection|Effective date: 20200403 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US15/146,579|US10052694B2|2016-05-04|2016-05-04|Apparatus and method for cooling a cutting tool using super critical carbon dioxide|
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